Hashing database -
Hashing also uses an algorithm to convert a simple text password to ciphertext that obscures the actual password. Unlike encryption, hashing is a one - way task. If you take an arbitrary plain text password of any length, run it through the hashing algorithm. It extracts a string or hexadecimal number that is unique to the plain text supplied. Length depends on the algorithm used.
The hash of the password cannot be changed back to the original plaintext password. The server stores a hashed version of the password. When the user type a plain text password, the system calculates the hash and compares the hash. If the hashs are the same, the server is able to confirm the password and is given access to the user.
Salted database -
Combination of hashed and salted database make the system more secure -
Password hashing makes storage and management more secure, and applies to both salty and unsalted passwords. Salty passwords that are also hashed. Bad actors make it difficult to break passwords on a large scale. Because random characters are added to the password before hashing, the hacker loses the ability to quickly detect the plaintext password. Without estimating, it is almost impossible to take the output of the hash function and reverse it to find the original value. Created with a salted password, the unique hash dictionary protects against attack vectors including brute force and hash table attacks.
Suppose a hacker wants to test the password. The hacker first steals a server file with a hashed password. An experienced hacker will already have the commonly used passwords, dictionary entries and passwords found on the dark web. They will run through standard hash algorithms and put the results in a table. A hash table is a pre-planned database of hash and a rainbow table is a pre-planned table of inverted hash used to understand password hash. The hacker server searches the file for matches in the pre-arranged hash on their Rainbow table. Because the rainbow table was made of all possible plain text, they now know the password of that user. Until other security measures like Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) are implemented, the hacker will be able to access the user account.
A hacker with pre-planned tables based on a specific password will be unable to easily detect a salted password as random additional characters are added. To expose the password, the hacker will be forced to try millions of hashed password-named combinations. Just as a car thief will leave a hard break-in to find the car unlocked with keys in the ignition, the hacker will move towards less secure goals.
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